Guidelines for Case Study

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Articles submitted to the JANH should not exceed 7000 words for the main text, including abstract, tables and references. A minimum of 4000 words of the manuscript's main text will be considered a case study article. 

 

ABSTRACT

• Background: What is unique about this case, and what does it add to the scientific literature?. The purpose of the study

• Method: written in order of type of research
• Result: Main symptoms and/or important clinical findings. The main diagnoses, therapeutic interventions, and outcomes 
• Conclusion—What is this case's main “take-away” lesson(s)? 

• Keywords: 3–6 words or short phrases that will allow proper and convenient indexing.

  

INTRODUCTION

• One or two paragraphs summarizing why this case is unique (may include references)
• Clearly identify the research problem, rationale, context, international relevance of topic.
• Analyze current situation analysis and pertinent background including a synopsis of the relevant information from the case analysis.
• Aim(s): State the aims of the study.

 

 PATIENT INFORMATION

• De-identified patient-specific information
• Primary concerns and symptoms of the patient
• Medical, family, and psycho-social history, including relevant genetic information 
• Relevant past interventions with outcomes 

 

ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS

• Identify any particular ethical issues that were attached to this research. Provide a statement of ethics committee approval. Do not name the university or other institution from which ethics committee approval was obtained; state only that ethics committee approval was obtained from a university and/or whatever other organization is relevant.
• Explain any other approvals obtained, for example, local site arrangements to meet research governance requirements. If, according to local regulations, no formal ethical scrutiny was required or undertaken, please state this.
• The complete name of the institution and approval number should be stated in the title page.

 

RESULT

CLINICAL FINDINGS: Describe significant physical examination (PE) and important clinical findings

TIMELINE: Historical and current information from this episode of care organized as a timeline

DIAGNOSTIC ASSESSMENTS

• Diagnostic testing (such as PE, laboratory testing, imaging, surveys
• Diagnostic challenges (such as access to testing, financial, or cultural) 
• Diagnosis (including other diagnoses considered) 
• Prognosis (such as staging in oncology) where applicable.

THERAPEUTIC INTERVENTIONS

• Types of therapeutic intervention (such as pharmacologic, surgical, preventive, self-care) 
• Administration of therapeutic intervention (such as dosage, strength, duration)  
• Changes in therapeutic intervention (with rationale).

FOLLOW-UP AND OUTCOME: 

• Clinician and patient-assessed outcomes (if available) Important follow-up diagnostic and other test results  
• Intervention adherence and tolerability (How was this assessed?). 
• Adverse and unanticipated events.

 

DISCUSSION

• A scientific discussion of the strengths AND limitations associated with this case report . 
• Discussion of the relevant medical literature with references
• The scientific rationale for any conclusions (including assessment of possible causes) 
• The primary “take-away” lessons of this case report (without references) in a one-paragraph conclusion 
• The Discussion section should consider findings about the literature. Do previous research findings match or differ from yours? Do not use literature that only supports your findings.
• Conclude what new knowledge has emerged from the study. For example, this new knowledge could contribute to new conceptualizations or question existing ones; it could lead to the development of tentative/substantive theories (or even hypotheses), it could advance/question existing theories or provide methodological insights, or it could provide data that could lead to improvements in practice. 

 

PATIENT PERSPECTIVE

• The patient should share their perspective in one to two paragraphs on the treatment(s) they received
• Informed consent
• Describe: Did the patient give informed consent? Please provide if requested.

 

CONCLUSION

• Provide real conclusions, not just a summary/repetition of the findings.
• Draw conclusions about the adequacy of the theory in relation to the data. Indicate whether the data supported or refuted the theory. Indicate whether the conceptual model was a useful and adequate guide for the study.
• Identify implications/ recommendations for practice/ research/ education/ management as appropriate and consistent with the limitations.

AUTHORS CONTRIBUTIONS

• Contribution of each researcher in carrying out the publication
• Author contributions using CRediT (Contributor Roles Taxonomy)
• Duties and roles of the author in the publication process
• Example: “Author A contribution to……., Author B Contribution to…….”

 

CONFLICTS OF INTEREST

• In this section, the authors should declare any conflicts of interest, sources of support for the work, and whether the authors had access to the study data.

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

• Personal acknowledgments should be limited to appropriate professionals who contributed to the paper, including providing technical help and financial or material support, and to department chairpersons who provided general support
• Acknowledgment is given to the funding sources of study (donor agency, the contract number, the year of acceptance) and those who support that funding. The names of those who support or assist the study are written clearly. Names that have been mentioned as the authors of the manuscripts are not allowed here).
• Acknowledgments to the parties or partners who contributed to the research
• Acknowledgments if publication is part of a Research Grant

 

REFERENCES

• Authors are recommended to use reference management software (Mendeley, EndNote, Mendeley, Zotero, etc.) in writing citations and references. which are based on APA 7th Edition(American Psychological Association).

• In the reference, include the DOI or URL of the cited article
• Avoid using abstracts as references.
• Information from manuscripts submitted but not yet accepted should be cited in the text as “unpublished observations” with written permission from the source. Papers accepted but not yet published may be included as references; designate the journal and add “Forthcoming”.
• Avoid citing “personal communication” unless it provides essential information not available publicly; name the person and date of communication and obtain written permission and confirmation of accuracy from the source of personal communication.
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