Factors Associated with Knowledge of Pregnancy Danger Signs and Antenatal Care Compliance: A Cross-Sectional Study
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55018/janh.v8i1.593Keywords:
Pregnancy Danger Signs, Antenatal Care, Knowledge, Maternal Health, ComplianceAbstract
Background: Adequate knowledge of pregnancy danger signs plays a critical role in promoting antenatal care (ANC) compliance. Poor adherence to ANC visits remains a significant contributor to preventable maternal complications. Research aimed to analyze the association between maternal knowledge of pregnancy danger signs and ANC compliance and to identify the most dominant predictors.
Methods: An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted among 249 pregnant women. Participants were selected using purposive sampling. Data were collected through structured questionnaire-based interviews and verification of ANC visits using medical records and Maternal and Child Health (MCH) books. Bivariate associations were tested using the Chi-square test. Variables with p < 0.25 were included in a multiple logistic regression analysis. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05.
Results: Of the respondents, 55.0% were aged <27 years, 57.0% had education below junior high school, 56.6% were primigravida, and 55.4% lived within 5 km of a health facility. ANC compliance was observed in 55.8% of participants, while 55.8% demonstrated low knowledge of pregnancy danger signs. Bivariate analysis showed significant associations between ANC compliance and maternal age, educational methods, motivation, attitude, parity, distance to health facility, and knowledge (all p = 0.001). Multivariate analysis identified knowledge as the strongest predictor of ANC compliance (p = 0.019; OR = 3.380; 95% CI: 1.222–9.348), adjusted for maternal age (p = 0.048).
Conclusion: Maternal knowledge of pregnancy danger signs is the most influential factor associated with ANC compliance. Strengthening targeted health education strategies may improve maternal service utilization.
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